Cite error: There are <ref> tags on this page without content in them (see the help page). is the creation of exclusive custom–fitted high-end fashion design. The term haute couture generally refers to a specific type of upper garment common in Europe during the 16th to the 18th century, or to the upper portion of a modern dress to distinguish it from the skirt and sleeves. Beginning in the mid–nineteenth century, Paris became the centre of a growing industry that focused on making outfits from high–quality, expensive, often unusual fabric and sewn with extreme attention to detail and finished by the most experienced and capable of sewers—often using time–consuming, hand–executed techniques.[1][2] Couture is also commonly used on its own as an abbreviation of haute couture, referring to the same concept in spirit.[3]
Couture Terminology
Etymology
The English term haute couture was borrowed from French, where it literally means ‘high sewing‘ or ‘high dressmaking‘.[4] Its first recorded use in English was in 1908, in the Arnold Bennett novel The Old Wives’ Tale.[5]
History
In France, the term haute couture is protected by law and is defined by the Paris Chamber of Commerce based in Paris. The Fédération de la Haute et de la Mode is defined as “the regulating commission that determines which fashion houses are eligible to be true haute couture houses“. Their rules state that only “those companies mentioned on the list drawn up each year by a commission domiciled at the Ministry for Industry are entitled to avail themselves“ of the label haute couture.[6] The Chambre Syndicale de la Parisienne is an association of Parisian couturiers founded in 1868 as an outgrowth of medieval guilds that regulate its members in regard to counterfeiting of styles, dates of openings for collections, number of models presented, relations with press, questions of law and taxes, and promotional activities. Formation of the organisation was brought about by Charles Frederick Worth. An affiliated school was organized in 1930 called L‘Ecole de la Chambre Syndicale de la Couture. The school helps bring new designers to help the “couture“ houses that are still present today. Since 1975, this organization has worked within the Fédération de la Haute Couture et de la Mode.[7]





